Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Belonging - a Clockwork Orange Essays - 679 Words

The concept of belonging is essential. To belong is to form a connection which will allow a sense of identity, without this we lose our humanity; however, conformity is in a sense a facade of belonging, as it restrains our freedom and forces us to only mimic. My studied texts show how society demands us to conform, yet conformity prevents a sense of true identity being ever created. This notion is elaborated in the novel, A Clockwork Orange. Alex is a criminal who doesn’t belong anywhere within society. In the novel, the government attempts to suppress his criminality by physically preventing him from thinking of violence—thus making him conform to their standards. This is a prime example of how society attempts to make us conform to what†¦show more content†¦The movie shows the disastrous effect conformity and fear have among members who gain their place inside the group at the price of conformity. Shirley Hastings, for example, lives a â€Å"life half-lived† cowering before what Barry Fife will say or think. She has let the Federation so dominate her that she has no respect for Doug and can only see her son Scott in terms of winning competitions. The movie represents belonging using a variety of techniques to distinguish between the world of artifice and the more realistic world. The image of the artificial world, shown as the ballroom world, is glitzy and colourful. Luhrmann has presented this world as having power, whereas the character of Fran, shown in plain clothes and reading glasses, is initially shown as powerless, because she does not conform to the ballroom world. The movie traces the shift from a world of false belonging dominated by conformity, fear and the cynical manipulations of the ultra-sleaze Barry Fife, towards the iconic last scene where the line between spectators and professional dancers blurs and is dissolved as Scott dressed in Spanish costume and Fran in Spanish-style red dress put passion back into dance, rescuing it from the deadening effect of the old brigade. Taking the similes of the two texts we can arrive at the conclusion that conformity allows us to become part of a functioning society but can in turn stifle individuality, expression and self-identity. I’ll leave you with twoShow MoreRelatedBelonging Essay.1303 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience of belonging.† Discuss this view with detailed reference ( 2010 HSC Question) Considered a fundamental aspect of being human, belonging is an ambiguous concept which can offer individuals a sense of identity, security and connectedness. Experiences of belonging are closely related to a person’s interaction with others, as positive experiences can enrich their sense of belonging, and negative experiences can limit their sense of belonging. An individual’s limited experience of belonging throughRead MoreThe Theme Of Immorality In A Clockwork Orange1299 Words   |  6 PagesImagine every night being the blackest of nights, where even the police do not stop the criminals lurking in the corners. This is the world in Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange, where a dystopian society in which juvenile delinquents roam free to terrorize the night is chronicled. Your Humble Narrator, Alex DeLarge, is a member of this appalling culture of teenagers. Over the course of the novel, he performs unspeakable acts of ultraviolence with his droogs, which land him behind bars in StajaRead MoreA Clockwork Orange, by Anthony Burgess and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley 1411 Words   |  6 Pages A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley are both novels that deal with the theme of dystopia. Both novels depict societies in which mind control is used to create social stability. There are also individuals who rebel against this loss of freedom and identity. However, these individuals lose their fight for freedom because of unsuccessful escape methods, acts of violence and effective conditioning. Character in both novels use unsuccessful escape methods toRead MoreMoral Development In Anthony Burgesss A Clockwork Orange1734 Words   |  7 PagesWhen first published in 1961, the American edition of Anthony Burgess’s novel, A Clockwork Orange was published without it’s twenty-first chapter, outraging it’s author. But what, one might ask, could be so important in a single chapter to cause such an outrage? The answer is blatantly obvious. Omitting the final chapter of any book would likely cause much dismay to the author. But in the case of A Clockwork Orange, the final twenty-first chapter completely shapes the entire meaning of the novelRead MoreA Clockwork Orange as an Allusion to Platos Mimetic Imagination4156 Words   |  17 PagesPlato finds that society can be easily consumed by the mimetic imagination, in which people are tricked into believing that the imaginary is reality. Plato’s condemnation of the mimetic imagination alludes to Stanley K ubrick’s postmodern film, A Clockwork Orange (1971), which features a youth gang driven by images of sex, violence, and drug, set in a dystopian future Britain. Furthermore, Kubrick’s film resembles Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, as the prisoners of the imaginary are introduced to new realitiesRead MoreEssay on Skinheads3158 Words   |  13 Pagesto be much more complicated in the case of skinhead gangs, and the space that these groups occupy in relation to the outside world does not have such clear boundaries. Looking at three different representations of Skinhead culture: the novel A Clockwork Orange (1962) by Anthony Burgess, the non-fiction work The Paint House (1972) by the Collinwood gang, and the film Scum (1979) directed by Alan Clarke, the evolution of this space over time becomes clear. This change happens both in the way the gangsRead More freeclo Comapring Free Will in A Clockwork Orange and Freedom and the Control of Man2484 Words   |  10 Page sFree Will in A Clockwork Orange and Skinners Freedom and the Control of Man      Ã‚   Socrates once said, Know thyself, and over two thousand years later were still perplexed with the complexities of human behavior. The concept of free will has been debated and challenged by science, religion, and philosophy throughout history. By free will, I mean our ability to choose and behave as we wish, without our choices being determined by outside sources. Such a notion has been discussed and disputedRead MoreA Clockwork Orange : Antisocial Personality Disorder Essay2040 Words   |  9 PagesDisorder ( ASPD) is a mental illness with various causal factors such as genetic predispositions, environment, parental neglect, gender, brain abnormalities, etc. The factors presented affect the character Alex DeLarge from Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange (1963). Despite Alex not being diagnosed, it is evident that he suffers from ASPD, it is clearly expressed through his behaviors and mentality. Eventually, Alex is incarcerated preceding a murder he committed, in order to be released earlyRead More Gilbert Ryles The Concept of Mind Essay2412 Words   |  10 Pagesconfusion regarding Minds and Bodies arises because they are conceived as belonging to the same logical type. Hence: The workings of minds had to be described by the mere negatives of the specific descriptions given to bodies; they [minds] are not in space, they are not motions, they are not modifications of matter, they are not accessible to public observation. Minds are not bits of clockwork, they are just bits of non-clockwork.5 What follows, then, according to Ryle, is that Minds and BodiesRead MorePersonal Statement : Hmv Store2552 Words   |  11 Pagesenough to wear an NFL jersey out in public. On top of this motivation we can see that this consumer would be highly motivated by several tiers of Maslow Hierarchy of Needs. Perhaps the most obvious is for â€Å"Love and Belonging,† which states that he perhaps has a need for â€Å"a sense of belonging† (Williams, pg.69). This type of consumer behaviour falls under Allistar Williams’ consumer decision-making matrix. It states that a consumer would make a decision based off their â€Å"brand or style† (Williams, pg.41)

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Should History Be Written Through The Form Of A Lesson

Should history be written in the form of a lesson? What lessons might such historical accounts teach us? Is history meant to teach racism, sexism, or morality? If a source is predisposed to sexism, racism, or religion, does it lose all value to historians? A man named Guillaume Le Sueur, author of Admirable History of a False and Supposed Husband, instructs that, â€Å"God in his judgments, which are unknown to us, discovers all inequity, although we have long concealed it† (Sueur 10). Le Sueur’s document is a prime example of an historical document that shapes histories towards the author’s own ideas rather than an impartial account of history. Despite the inaccuracies of primary sources it does not mean that it loses all value. History is not without its partiality, however, that does not mean that it loses all value. Even if the source is predisposed to a certain aspect of the writer, the insight that can be taken from the writer’s perspective can be applied to help historians answer questions about the society. According to The Return of Martin Guillere by Natalie Zemon Davis, Guillaume Le Sueur was a little-known writer and lawyer. â€Å"What is certain is that in 1560 Guillaume Le Sueur hoped to rise within the world of law and legal rhetorical culture, and that he also had literary and classical interests of his own† (Davis 95). The dedication of the document directly addresses the intended audience to be that of Vincent Sertenas, a man who held position at the palace. LeShow MoreRelatedThe History of Childresn Literature Essay1599 Words   |  7 PagesThe History of Children’s Literature EDP1: Task 1 Janet Blake Western Governors University Children’s literature is defined many different ways. It can be simply defined as a book that a child reads, or as Kiefer defined it â€Å"as the imaginative shaping of life and thought into the forms and structures of language.† (Kiefer, 2010, p.5) Literature has been around for hundreds of years, although not in the form that we are used to seeing now. There have always been stories to be told for as longRead MoreThe Framework For Teaching By Charlotte Danielson1413 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching by Charlotte Danielson has been developed through research as a guideline for current and future teacher’s professional responsibilities in and out of the classroom. Districts throughout the country are using this framework to assess and guide their teachers to build successful methods of planning and preparations, setting up the classroom environment, instruction and professional responsibilities. Each of these domains builds off of each other to form a successful le arning environment. Domain 3Read MoreDifferentiated Instruction And The Udl Principles Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesSupportive Differentiated Instruction Features Provide multiple examples In preparation for this lesson, the teacher has created multiple examples of Commedia dell’Arte plays and elements e.g. themes, characters. Additionally, the teacher provided several examples of finding appropriate texts to complete the assignment. Students have multiple examples of monologue, duologue and group texts, and texts about history, development etc. Students will also be given opportunity to watch a video, be able to createRead MoreAssessment Is The Learning Of Our Students1412 Words   |  6 PagesStudents are constantly being assessed. They are assessed prior to a learning activity in order to provide a basis for planning. They are informally assessed throughout the learning process for the purpose of adjusting the lesson. They are formally assessed at the end of a lesson to ensure that the necessary objectives have been learned. They are assessed at points throughout the school year to gauge if they are each on the same level as their peers and in overall knowledge, as well as using theseRead MoreOral History By Lee Smith And The Poem, Fishing Among The Learned978 Words   |  4 PagesAs a child matures, the word â€Å"lesson† can hold two different connotations. One meaning denotes a traditional portion of a school day dedicated to a specific subject, such as a biology lesson. This lesson is based on facts that are generally gleaned from a textbook or transmitted by a teacher who has been certified in some way. Another type of lesson is that which helps the recipient either live a life of fuller satisfaction or gain some practical knowledge that can help others, either physicallyRead MoreMy Career Path On Museums1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmy closest friend, I darted through forests and the ocean, explored a sailing ship and a twentieth century town, and marveled at the monumental carvings of native Canadians and an Ice Age landscape. That day my fourth-grade class was fortunate enough to travel to the Royal British Columbia Museum in Victoria. What seemed to be a grand adventure in the mind of a nine-year old was actually my friend and I racing as fast as our legs (and our c haperone) would allow us through the museum’s exhibits. I hadRead MoreIs Image Is Everything?1312 Words   |  6 Pagesand perception on the part of the hearers are vital components in conveying and receiving a sermon. The assignment for this class included the opportunity to expound on the four (4) images of a preacher. An image is a mental picture or idea that forms in a reader s or listener s mind from the words that they read or hear. (Cambridge Dictionary) Long in his text introduces, identifies and explains these images, and how they are displayed from the pulpit as the preacher presents his/her sermon toRead MoreChildrens Literature Becoming an Equalizer876 Words   |  4 Pagesmany authors, philosophers and many other important figures in history impacted children’s literature, expanding on the original idea reading is an equalizer. In Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke â€Å"†¦stated that people are born without ideas—that is, with a blank mind—directly challenging the belief that people are born with certain knowledge already implanted.† (Batten, 2011). His influences are found through out history of not only children’s literature but also government. SocietyRead MoreMy Vision For My Future Career1445 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant to me, and how I will apply them. Start with the End in Mind The first concept that impacted me this year was from the week 2 PowerPoint â€Å"Start with the End in Mind.† Essentially, it focuses on the idea that before any other part of the lesson is designed, the educator must ask what he or she wants the students to understand and how he or she is going to measure that. The desired results are often based off state or national standards and the assessment is how the measurement of progressRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Robert Frosts Nothing Gold Can Stay1172 Words   |  5 PagesThis poem Nothing Gold can Stay was written by Robert Frost in 1923 . Frost was warning the possibility of the end of the world. This poem is what i believe to be a long poem, but the section of it that we are looking to is much shorter, with only eight lines. I do believe that in some ways this is a narrative poem in that it tells a story and warns about the idea of the end of the world. I do believe that in some ways this could also be confessional for it expresses his past and current thoughts

Monday, December 9, 2019

Intersectionality free essay sample

I will try to explain intersectionality. First of all you need to know what intersectionality is. Intersectionality is a theoretical framework which explains violence or discrimination against humans. Now I will give you an example and then try to connect it to intersectionality. I will use an example of spider web to explain this theory. This example will give you some idea about intersectionality. Think about a spider web. A Point in the centre and all threads connected to each other. If we remove one thread from the spider web, it will fall apart. Now consider yourself. You have some identities and these identities are connected just like spider web and we cannot remove any identity from you. If we remove any identity from you, then you will not be the same person. Age, religion, color, race, gender, language and so many others are all identities of a person. Keep in mind that some of these identities don’t stay constant for example age. We will write a custom essay sample on Intersectionality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Age changes with the time and create some advantages and disadvantages. Everybody has a different set of identities and the set of these identities can be used against you. The combination of these identities can create problems, inequality and discrimination. We try to analyze, what kind combination of identities can create what kind of problems with the help of intersectionality. For example if you are a young black women then you might have faced discrimination in different way than an old black women. You will not be treated the same way as some other lady with different set of identities. Age, religion, color, race, gender, language, social class and national divisions create a spider web of inequality. From this spider web anything can be used against you for the basis of discrimination. One can be discriminated in different ways and in various contexts. Now I can say that â€Å"Intersectionality provide us a lens which is able to look at the ways of discrimination in various contexts and Intersectionality theory also provide us a great tool to create a mechanisms which protect different group of people from different type of discriminations. I liked one definition of intersectionality which I would like to put here. â€Å"Intersectionality seeks to provide a tool for analyzing the ways in which gender, race, class and all other forms of identity and distinction, in different contexts, produce situations in which women and men become vulnerable to abuse and discrimination. (1). When we try to study how the intersection of race, gender, social class, effects humans and how are they connected then it means we are using intersectionality theory. For example what are the problems of white, young, female and what are the problems of black, young female. What will happen if we remove young from the equation and replace it with old? Inequ ality of gender is clearly defined but inequality of same sex is complicated. If we want to know the problems of women and man then we might just find some sex related issues. But when we talk about just men or women then it’s a different story. I heard that all men are created equal but people use different lens to see it. For example, some time man is called black man or white man, Muslim man or Christian man. They are all men but their gender intersects with other identities and makes them different from one another. When somebody is discriminated on the basis of color, we know this exist. Intersectionality tells us about other kind of discrimination. For example black man with different religion. It means same gender, same color, same language but different religion. You can consider me as an example. I am a Muslim, married man. My religion, intersect with gender and race and create different equation. I face different problems than any other man. Combination of my identities, are different than others. At the airports, I am treated very differently than other male passengers. Most of the time when I meet someone first time they ask me â€Å"where are you from† when I say â€Å"Charlotte† Then they ask again â€Å"oh where are you originally from†. Sometimes I tell them and sometimes I don’t. When I tell them about my country of origin, they automatically know about my religion. Then I become vulnerable to abuse.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Rising power, anxious state

There are all indications to show that China is poised to become the world’s largest economy in the next few years. All this withstanding, the country is under threat to continue with this economic success because of various reasons.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rising power, anxious state specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Resistance to reforms and the recent resurgence are some of the reasons that are bringing up an anxious state. Emotions are running high in the country on the perceived authoritarianism that has been gaining prominence as time goes by (The Economist 5). This was well captured by the prime minster who argued that socialism enhances decision making thereby making it possible for resources to accomplish big undertakings that touch on every citizen’s life. As much as the global power is shifting considerably in China’s favor, it has not done well at home as far as the mood of the minorities is concerned. The country has become an object of worry because of various reasons and these are aspects that need to be looked at. Chinese diplomats have been treating their counterparts with a lot of condescension and this is because of the perceived dominance of the communist party. The party should approve everything and these are some of the issues that have led to an anxious state though a rising power. The country’s leaders are always nervous and this can be explained from their increased spending on domestic security (The Economist 6). It should be known that the police have been launching assaults while increasing surveillance in neighborhoods in recent months. China risks entering into a middle income trap because of its population and this might bring problems because supply of labor in the countryside has been reducing as time goes by. State owned businesses have a lot of clout and this is worrying because of their political and economic influence. China is a rising power and this is undeniable based on its economic success and growth. As much as this is enviable, the country needs to open up to political and social reforms. There is no doubt that its model has been effective based on what the prime minter terms as effective decision making but people should be given space to express themselves. The government has been increasing its spending on domestic security and this confirms their fears. In this case, the middle income group is anxious of this issues and that is why the party is worried that things might go wrong based on uprisings that have been witnessed in the Arab world (The Economist 9). For instance, lawyers, activists and bloggers have been assaulted by the police to discourage any dissent. As much as these leaders might manage to silence the minority, the system is ultimately vulnerable.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The country has disappointed those people who thought that its economic success and prowess will also come with political reforms and enhanced democratic space. Greater political freedom should be encouraged in the country to give it a new sense of direction and relief as much as it is successful economically. There is no doubt that the country’s economic success will be threatened by resurgence that needs to be checked. Political leaders should not be resistant to reforms because the middle class will not be held back for ever (The Economist 7). Peace and prosperity in China will depend on political reforms that will be undertaken in the next coming years. As a matter of fact, the good relationship between the middle class and the ruling party has waned considerably thereby raising concerns. As far as social security is concerned, the country still has a long way to go. Works Cited The Economist. Rising power, anxious state. 2011. Web. https://www.economist.c om/special-report/2011/06/25/rising-power-anxious-state This essay on Rising power, anxious state was written and submitted by user Miley Smith to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The United States Confrontation to Communism

The United States Confrontation to Communism Introduction After the World War II, the US disagreed with the Soviet Union over various issues. Especially, they did not like the Soviet’s control of the Eastern Europe, their control over atomic weapons, and their blocking of the Berlin.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The United States Confrontation to Communism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, the people’s republic of China had established a communist government in 1949 contrary to the US desires. North Korea invasion of South Korea in 1950 augmented the Cold War into a full blown world war did not go well with the US. Thus, the US decided to confront communism in Iran, Guatemala, Lebanon, and in every other country that practiced it. Cuban missiles The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis brought the world to a near nuclear confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union, who were the main superpower. Both countries adopted different political viewpoints that impeded resolution bargains. The setting of the ballistic missiles in Cuba heightened between the superpowers even further. John F. Kennedy, the president of the US of those times, claimed that his country was behind the Soviet Union in terms of nuclear technology, while the Soviet’s premier, Nikita Khrushchev, claimed otherwise. By 1962, the Russian premier maintained the same uncertainty on the nuclear potential of the US, who were a prime threat to the Soviet Union. Nonetheless, he was anxious that this position might provoke the US into launching an atomic missile into their territory. Fidel Castro had his own different concern, about the intent of the US to have him deposed. The country’s intelligence unit had uncovered the US plan to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro, thereby, supporting this allegations.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Th ese prompted Castro to accept the installations of missiles in Cuba in agreement to Khrushchev’s proposal and contractions of the nuclear base was established by July 1962. In August, there were rapid shipment of the same, which the US detected. Kennedy was advised by John McCone, the CIA director, that the Soviet had planned to install medium-range ballistic missiles in Cuba. However, the president was advised that the installations were purely defensive. Kennedy was made aware of the situation, and he quickly formed a group of twelve men to advice him on the issue, although he preferred to keep a low profile of his team of advisers. He hoped to conceal this move to the soviet. On August 17, another U-2 revealed that there was intermediate range ballistic missile that was capable of striking almost any target in the US. On August 18, 1962, Kennedy held a meeting with Andrei Gromyko in which Gromyko denied the existence of the missiles. On September 4, Kennedy complied with a recommendation to blockade Cuba. Stalin The 1941 invasion of the soviets by Germans, prompted Stalin to take command of the soviet army. In 1943 and 1945, he gave inflexible conditions to his friends. In 1945, at Potsdam, they had an agreement with President Truman to reconstruct Germany, which he later violated. At the termination of the war, his main aim was to make his country more dominant in Europe, and imposed a communism structure of government on other countries. His policies always undermined the efforts of the United Nations to maintain lasting peace between nations. He almost caused the next war to be by blocking Berlin.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The United States Confrontation to Communism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 1956, three years after Stalin’s death, Nikita Khrushchev ordered the destruction of his effigy within a time span of three hours. Stalin was accused of slaughter among other crimes and majority of Soviets citizens denounced a claim of his being a savior of the country. The efforts to destroy his image were suspended, nevertheless. North Koreas invasion of South Korea After the withdrawal of the US and USSR armies in Korea region, each side set up a military force to defend its territory against foreign invasion. It was by that time that North Koreans attacked South Koreans causing various uprisings in the 1940s. The South did not, however, succumb to defeat but its strength increased significantly. The North had a surprise attack on the South when its military force was off guard, which led to a compression of an army force within weeks. The UN quickly intervened to remedy the situation by cutting the North’s supply chains leading to their retreat. The UN armies attacked North Korea and threatened to put the country under conquest to pacify there aggression against their neighbor, South Korea. The Chinese chose to defend North Korea agains t the UN by entering into war with the UN, which they won. However, the UN took another offensive step in 1951 succeeding to push back the Chinese.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

State Sponsored Terrorism in Iran

State Sponsored Terrorism in Iran Iran has consistently been described by the United States as the worlds foremost state sponsor of terrorism. It actively supports terrorist groups, most prominently the Lebanese group Hezbollah. The Iranian relationship with Hezbollah demonstrates one accepted explanation of why states sponsor terrorism: to indirectly influence politics elsewhere. According to Michael Scheuer, the former CIA officer: State-sponsored terrorism came in the middle-1970s, and ... its heyday was in the 1980s and early-90s. And typically, the definition of a state sponsor of terrorism is a country that uses surrogates as its weapon to attack other people. The primary example to this day is Iran and Lebanese Hezbollah. Hezbollah, in the nomenclature of the discussion, would be the surrogate of Iran. State Sponsored Terrorism Thrives, says Michale Scheuer Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) was created following the 1979 revolution to protect and promote the objectives of the revolution. As a foreign force, they have also exported that revolution, by training Hezbollah, Islamic Jihad, and other groups. There is evidence that that IRGC is playing an active role to undermine Iraq, by funneling funds and arms to Shiite militias, engaging directly in military activity and gathering intelligence. The extent of Iranian involvement is not clear.​ Iran and Hezbollah Hezbollah (which means Party of God, in Arabic), an Islamist Shiite militia based in Lebanon, is a direct product of Iran. It was formally established in 1982 following the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, aimed at uprooting the PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) bases there. Iran sent Revolutionary Guard Corps members to assist in the war. A generation later, the relationship between Iran and Hezbollah is not entirely transparent, so it is not clear whether Hezbollah should be considered a full proxy for Iranian intentions. However, Iran funds, arms, and trains Hezbollah, in large part through the IRGC. According to the New York Sun, Iranian Revolutionary Guard soldiers fought alongside Hezbollah in the Israel-Hezbollah summer 2006 war by supplying intelligence on Israeli targets and manning and firing missiles. Profile of HezbollahIsrael Concludes Serious Errors Made in 2006 War with HezbollahNY Sun: Iranian Revolutionary Guards helped Hezbollah in 2006 War Iran and Hamas Irans relationship with the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas has not been constant over time. It has, rather, waxed and waned according to the interests of Iran and Hamas at different times since the late 1980s. Hamas is the dominant political party in the Palestinian territories that has long relied on terrorist tactics, including suicide bombing, to register a protest against Israeli policies. According to Cambridge University Professor George Joffe, Irans relationship with Hamas began in the 1990s; it was around this time that Irans interest in exporting revolution coincided with Hamas rejection of compromise with Israel. Iran has been alleged to provide funding and training for Hamas since the 1990s, but the extent of either is unknown. However, Iran did pledge to help fund the Hamas-led Palestinian government after its parliamentary win in January 2006. Profile of HamasGeorge Joffe discusses Iran-Hamas relations Iran and Palestinian Islamic Jihad The Iranians and PIJ first made extended contact in the late 1980s in Lebanon. Subsequently, Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps trained PIJ members at Hezbollah camps in Lebanon and Iran commenced funding PIJ.​​ Iran and Nuclear Weapons The creation of WMD is not itself a criterion for being a state sponsor of terrorism, however, when already designated state sponsors to appear to have manufacturing or acquisition capabilities, the U.S. grows especially worried because could be transferred to terrorist groups. At the end of 2006, the United Nations adopted Resolution 1737 and imposed sanctions on Iran for failing to halt its uranium enrichment. Iran has contended that it has that right, in order to create a civil nuclear program

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Validity, reliability and generalisation in the research process Essay

Validity, reliability and generalisation in the research process - Essay Example In addition, the essay provides recommendations, which include a series of questions that could be incorporated into a questionnaire aimed at finding out why post graduate students choose to study HRM. In management research, validity, reliability and generalisation should be addressed in research with a lot of caution because it is tricky to distinguish them precisely. For instance, validity is defined as the relationship between test results on research with other objectives that the study seeks to achieve or measure (Wainer & Braun, 2013: 40). Therefore, researchers should clearly outline their research objectives. On the other hand, Schensul, LeCompte and Schensul (1999: 271) define reliability as the consistency of research results and the ability of such results to be replicated by other researchers. It is worthy to note that a measure may be reliable, but such a measure’s reliability does not ensure its validity (Rubin & Babbie, 2010: 87). It is imperative that business and management researchers should consider reliability and validity separately. This is because reliability is about consistency while validity is about truthfulness in measures (Jackson, 2013: 90). On the other hand, seeking to ensure reliability in management may distort the purpose of a study. This is because a researcher will design a measurement tool or process that will ensure the results obtained from such a study will be replicated by other researchers. This leads to a researcher’s slight deviation from the original purpose of the study, which may in turn, adversely affect validity. Separately, generalisation may be used in businesses and management research to contribute to theory. Therefore, in consideration of generalisation, management research should be designed so that it is properly conversant with theory to contribute to

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Obama's Policy in Afghanistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Obama's Policy in Afghanistan - Essay Example Obama was likely to bring the ray of hope for the people of America. But for Obama it was a test of all his managerial and leadership skills. One of the major challenges that newly became president faced was making policies for Afghanistan. But before discussing Obama’s Afghanistan policy in detail it is very important to have a clear idea about the major incidents in Afghanistan over the past few years and how intensely America is associated with Afghanistan. After 9/11 America got itself directly involved in the biggest war against terrorism in Afghanistan as the country believed that Osama Bin Laden was the master mind behind 9/11. Laden was the founder of terrorist group Al Qaeda and was hiding in Afghanistan where he got support from Taliban. Thousands of US troops were deployed in Afghanistan with the objective of defeating Taliban and Al-Qaeda by catching Osama Bin Laden and other leaders of Al Qaeda and Taliban. On December 07, 2001 Kandahar which was a Taliban stronghold fell down and Bin Laden along with Mullah Mohammed Omar who was a Taliban leader escaped. On December 16 Tora Bora, the mountain cave where Taliban and Al Qaeda took shelter, also fell down. An interim government of six month was formed in Afghanistan and Hamid Karzai, was selected as the chairman of this government. In 2002 Karzai was elected as president of Afghanistan, although other Afghan factions were not happy regarding this. But on January 04, 2004 they a ll agreed on a constitution which made the way for elections (Guardian, A chronology of events in Afghanistan since the attacks of September 11 2001). Finally in October presidential election took place and in November Karzai was declared to be the winner. In the meanwhile international community was providing financial aid with the purpose of rebuilding the country. Despite of falling of most of the Taliban and Al Qaeda strongholds, several small and medium scale attacks were made from their end on

Sunday, November 17, 2019

EBay and Siebel Companies Essay Example for Free

EBay and Siebel Companies Essay EBay EBay is an American, online auction and shopping company in which people and businesses buys and sells goods and services worldwide over the internet. It is a well established company with localized websites in several other countries. The website was established in 1995 in San Jose, California by a French born Iranian computer programmer Pierre Omidyar (Patsuris, 2003). Anything can be sold at eBay as long as it is not an illegal. For example appliances, computers, furniture, equipments and vehicles are listed, bought and sold daily. Large international companies such as IBM sell their newest products and other services on eBay using competitive auctions and fixed-priced storefronts. The company has a well structured eBay express site that acts as a standard internet shopping site for consumers who own United States addresses. EBay generates revenue from a number of fees charged on its services based on various factors. Siebel Siebel systems Inc is a software company that deals in the design, development, marketing and support of customer relationship management (CRM) applicants. The company was founded by Thomas Siebel in 1993.  Initially it was known for its sales force automation products. Later, it expanded into the broader customer service applications that included customer relationship management (CRM) (Kerstetter, 2003). The company benefited from the explosive growth of the CRM market in the late 1990’s. By 1999, Siebel systems was the fastest growing company in United States. With growth of electronic commerce, Siebel formed strategic alliances and made several acquisitions to provide e-business solution for CRM and related areas. The two companies have for a long time experienced a massive growth. They have enjoyed prominence in the market since early 1990’s. However they seem to have taken totally different directions. Whereas eBay is still expanding incredibly, Siebel is on the verge of collapse. EBay has indeed developed superbly from its humble beginning. Currently, at least 30 million people buy and sell over 20 billion dollars in merchandise. Over 150, 000 entrepreneurs earn a living selling on eBay. The company provides a new way of doing business. EBay has an exceptional educational system that teaches people on how to sell on its website. It has a payment system that allows buyers to make electronic payments to sellers who can’t afford a merchant credit card account (Hof, 2003). The company has a different way of management in this era. Through the web, eBay citizens have a full time access to every activity performed in the company. The whole system is very transparent. Products and services are subjected to close scrutiny by customers before any business deal is undertaken. (Hof, 2003). The transparency involved in eBay business makes customers and vendors to be collaborators and colleagues. The company has a superb management that can be borrowed by many. It is based on cooperation and finesse not coercion and force. EBay executives work like civil servants rather than corporate managers (Hof, 2003). This enables the company to stay in touch with the needs of customers. This approach offers a lot of benefits to the company. Good management at eBay is shown by its financials. The company profits shot from 176 to 250 million dollars in the year 2002. Net sales from transaction fees on 15 million dollars in gross revenue hit 1. 2 billion dollars (Hof, 2003). This growth has made the company enjoy supremacy in the market. The company has done well to reduce problems of shipping goods, simplifying payments and cracking down crooks on the site. The company always listens to the needs of customers to improve its services. This is done through constant meetings with sellers and buyers asking for their opinions, complains, and suggestion to improve their services (Hof, 2003). As a result users feel part of the company and take necessary initiatives to expand the company’s economy. EBay has a well organized way ensuring security of its business. It has a special police unit that helps to crack down any fraud activities which can turn off prospective customers. It has a Trust and safety department staffed by several EBay employees all over the world (Hof, 2003). As businesses on EBay grow larger, the market is also expanding. As EBay is achieving financial supremacy Siebel takes an opposite route. Although the two companies started almost at the same level, Siebel currently faces a stiff competition from other companies. It has been on the down ward trend in recent years. The giant company of 1990’s has collapsed than its rivals. For example, revenue in 2002 lost by 22% to reach at 1. 5 million dollars. The stock price faced a massive drop by 94% to reach 8. dollars from its peak of 119 dollars in the year 2000 (Kerstetter, 2003). The company has lost touch with customers. Customers are extremely reluctant to buy company products. It has of recent past suffered from bad publicity, as customers show dissatisfaction. It has lost its strong ground to corporate application leader (SAP). The reputation of the company has been lost. In 2002 the company’s share of customer-management market flopped from 29% to 23% (Kerstetter, 2003). The company faces a managerial crisis. The management is continuously shuffled in pursue of the lost glory. Although the company has introduced new technologies, still the sales are growing weaker every year. However the leaders fail to acknowledge that a problem is looming in the company. As software market grows yearly, Siebel systems can no longer dominate it. The competition has grown so strong that Siebel might never recover. Research show that, the company revenue has been falling at an alarming rate. Many corporations that used to deal with the company currently prefer suppliers who offer broad range of integrated products like corporate planning and human resources (Kerstetter, 2003). The company has done little to decrease the growing number of dejected customers who have lost faith in the company. Many complain of having not met their target even after two years. However top managers still do not realize the problem. The company is trying to develop new technologies as a way of bouncing back to the market. However this is a big gamble. The competing companies like SAP have gained a lot of momentum and will still offer stiff challenge (Kerstetter, 2003). Siebel need to undertake major changes to enable it recover. However this is a journey that will need a total overhaul of the administration and a change in strategies. Unless an urgent step is taken, Siebel will collapse totally. The two companies EBay and Siebel differ a lot because of the path they follow. As EBay enjoys an upward surge to economic and financial superiority, Siebel is struggling a lot. The companies also not only differ in their fortunes but also in their administration setup. EBay has put all the necessary administrational techniques to ensure that the company competes favorably in the market. EBay tends to take into consideration the interests of the customers more than Siebel. The company still holds a lot of following from its customers who are increasing all over the world. The company has superb strategies that make them a force in today’s global market. Siebel need to go back to the drawing board if at all they hope to change the turn of events. The two companies offer a lot of lessons to business, management and all financial undertakings. It is evident that managerial skills are very vital in enabling companies to grow (Hof, 2003). Unless an exciting and creative management is in place, business undertakings can never achieve the best. The management ought to be enterprising and ready to undertake constant changes as a way of keeping the companies alive in the ever changing global market. It is also important to take note of the ever changing consumer needs. All business companies should direct their business towards the needs of consumers. Unless consumers have faith in the company, success will always be elusive. Many companies collapse due to failure to acknowledge the need to keep consumers always in mind. Companies should be ready to shift their short term objectives as consumer needs shift. Technology also plays a big role in the business industry. It is an important factor in any business undertaking. Successful companies embrace new and advanced technology to boast their output (Kerstetter, 2003). That is the only way that customers can stick to the company because of superior output. Companies should strive to embrace new technology to enable favorable competition in the market. It is also important for companies to undertake a thorough research always. Research enables them to read the market trends. In that way companies can be able to keep in touch with the latest market trends.  This can also help to shape the production channels according to the market trend. Companies and business enterprises ought to device means and ways of maintaining faith and trust of their customers. There should be a way of keeping customers hooked up to the company and opening it up for many others. Skillful management can enable companies achieve this. All successful businesses always keep these in mind. As long as a company has good management, respect and trust from customers, it will be easy to introduce new products in the market. EBay serves as an example to be followed by all business enterprises.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Governments Must Balance Law with Individual Rights Essay -- Governmen

The topic of Government, laws and individual rights has always been on the minds of many people. Today is no exception, with the economy in poor shape and with a President who promises many changes to come. Will the changes really come? And if they do will they benefit the people of the United States of America or will they cause more violence and destruction to our economy? They say we have the right of free speech, to speak our minds and vocalize our opinions on topics that are important to us. They say we have freedom to choose our own religion and beliefs, to choose who we praise and what we believe to be right and wrong. They also say that we have the freedom to bear arms; to protect ourselves, and our country. Are these just words or are they really our rights? The constitution ...

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Compare, Contrast About the Usa and Canada

Full name: Hoang Hong Ngoc (Jade) The USA and Canada: The compare and contrast This essay will compare and contrast the similarities and differences between two North American countries, The USA and Canada. Both of them are young countries, their histories are linked. Therefore, culturally and historically they are closely related. Although they have many similarities, the two countries still have differences in population, languages and climate factors. Firstly, the USA and Canada have very different populations.The USA has a thriving 300 million whereas Canada has about 32 million (socyberty. com). The second largest country in the world is Canada but as far as its population is concerned, it just has the 33rd position (www. mapsofworld. com). However, the United States has the world's third largest population. Canada and the USA have somewhat similar population distribution patterns. Both of them have population mostly concentrated in major urban centres. However, Canada has only 4 major cities: Ottawa, Toronto, Victoria and Montreal although the USA has over 10 major centres.This is why the population of the United States is more than Canada. Secondly, Canada has two main languages French and English, while the United States which only uses English. In the past both countries are similar where waves of immigration from other countries have created their subculture. Therefore, they have many different languages such as Chinese, German, Russian,†¦ However, English is the most spoken languages of Canada except some province. Furthermore, the USA and Canada support to each other about economy.As geographic neighbor, the USA is the most trading partner with Canada because 70 percent of Canada’s products export to the USA and also Canada is the largest export customer of the United States. Almost the trade in goods between them is source of natural resources, because many of Canada’s important industries are based on them. In addition, investme nt and technology have benefited by Canadians while the USA of markets. Anyway, one part of Canada’s economy depends on the USA. Finally, the climate also has the similarities. The climate varies between different areas, regions.The weather changes from one year to another. For example, the whole of the south of the USA is normally hot from late May to middle September, with the southwest usually being very hot and dry, and the southeast also hot and humid. If planning when to come the USA or Canada you also need to consider how the air change, depending on the time of year, and how the cost and accommodation. In conclusion, it can be seen that the population, languages, economy and climate of the USA and Canada have some similarities as well as differences.In general, the similarities are in languages whereas the differences are in population. However, they still support each other and develop together. REFERENCES Eighth Edition (2013) National Geographic Atlas of the World. http://travel. nationalgeographic. com/travel/countries/canada-facts/ [2013, 03 March] Unknown author (2013) U. S. PopClock Projection http://www. census. gov/population/www/popclockus. html [2013, 03 March] Unknown author (2013) Economy and Finance http://london. usembassy. gov/econ. html [2013, 03 March]

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Arthropod pests Essay

The concern that human society will be inevitably obsessed with death is a valid one. Although there may be people today who escape depressing thoughts of death, all will be distraught after reading only a few lines of the Lament for Ignacio Sanchez Mejias. This essay will analyze parts of the work by Federico Lorca and provide some basic interpretations and thoughts on the subject. Beginning with the first line of the lament, the reader is struck with an overwhelming sense of time—five in the afternoon. It fills the mind as the words continue. â€Å"It was exactly five in the afternoon. † Ignacio has obviously died. The time of day is noted, and the question arises immediately: why repeat the time â€Å"five in the afternoon† after every line (up to five times)! I think the point of repeating the time excessively is to pound a feeling of monotony that accompanies utter grief into the mind of the reader. Also, it provides a broad scope to help the reader understand how many hopelessly depressing things are going on at once. A possible answer, then, is that the lament needs synchronization in order to deliver the correct emotions that Lorca felt. For example, leaving out the repeated time, the first stanza becomes, â€Å"A boy brought the white sheet, A frail of lime ready prepared, The rest was death, and death alone. † In this version, the reader feels like three mundane, somewhat depressing things are happening in sequence as opposed to feeling a horrifying realization of the simultaneous events surrounding the loss of a close friend. Without the repetition it may still seem sad, but nowhere near as powerful as the original. Adding the repetition back in, one feels as though time has been stopped during a metaphorical symphony of pain from grief. As the horrible moment continues, Lorca adds additional imagery: â€Å"Groups of silence in the corners†¦ A coffin on wheels is his bed†¦ The room was iridescent with agony†¦ In the distance the gangrene now comes†¦ The wounds were burning like suns†¦ at five in the afternoon. At five in the afternoon. Ah, that fatal five in the afternoon! It was five by all the clocks! It was five in the shade of the afternoon! † It is no accident that we read of the time of day five times at the end of this section. Also, both of the first two stanzas contain five references to the time as well, almost suffocating us with the existence of the terrible hour. Lorca perfectly displays the effect of death on the human mind. Cluttered with the details most ignored in regular life, our brains (perhaps as a self-defense to keep us alive) go through an almost physical withdrawal when those near to us die. In conclusion, It is obvious that our lives revolve around death whether we like it or not. Death is the nemesis of survival, and survival is our primary goal in life as humans. Reproduction, social reform, religion, or anything else we live for (even hedonism) must manifest itself through survival of ourselves or others. Thus, as long as we survive, humans will always be obsessed with death.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Free Essays on Corporations

Business Ethics Ethics in Business From a business perspective, working under government contracts can be a very lucrative proposition. In general, a stream of orders keep coming in, revenue increases and the company grows in the aggregate. The obvious downfalls to working in this manner is both higher quality expected as well as the extensive research and documentation required for government contracts. If a part fails to perform correctly it can cause minor glitches as well as problems that can carry serious repercussions, such as in the National Semiconductor case. When both the culpable component and company are found, the question arises of how extensive these repercussions should be. Is the company as an entity liable or do you look into individual employees within that company? From an ethical perspective one would have to look at the mitigating factors of both the employees and their superiors along with the role of others in the failure of these components. Next you would have to analyze th e final ruling from a corporate perspective and then we must examine the macro issue of corporate responsibility in order to attempt to find a resolution for cases like these. The first mitigating factor involved in the National Semiconductor case is the uncertainty, on the part of the employees, on the duties that they were assigned. It is plausible that during the testing procedure, an employee couldnt distinguish which parts they were to test under government standards and commercial standards. In some cases they might have even been misinformed on the final consumers of the products that they tested. In fact, ignorance on the part of the employees would fully excuse them from any moral responsibility for any damage that may result from their work. Whether it is decided that an employees is fully excused, or is given some moral responsibility, would have to be looked at on an individual basis. The second mitigating factor is the duress o... Free Essays on Corporations Free Essays on Corporations Business Ethics Ethics in Business From a business perspective, working under government contracts can be a very lucrative proposition. In general, a stream of orders keep coming in, revenue increases and the company grows in the aggregate. The obvious downfalls to working in this manner is both higher quality expected as well as the extensive research and documentation required for government contracts. If a part fails to perform correctly it can cause minor glitches as well as problems that can carry serious repercussions, such as in the National Semiconductor case. When both the culpable component and company are found, the question arises of how extensive these repercussions should be. Is the company as an entity liable or do you look into individual employees within that company? From an ethical perspective one would have to look at the mitigating factors of both the employees and their superiors along with the role of others in the failure of these components. Next you would have to analyze th e final ruling from a corporate perspective and then we must examine the macro issue of corporate responsibility in order to attempt to find a resolution for cases like these. The first mitigating factor involved in the National Semiconductor case is the uncertainty, on the part of the employees, on the duties that they were assigned. It is plausible that during the testing procedure, an employee couldnt distinguish which parts they were to test under government standards and commercial standards. In some cases they might have even been misinformed on the final consumers of the products that they tested. In fact, ignorance on the part of the employees would fully excuse them from any moral responsibility for any damage that may result from their work. Whether it is decided that an employees is fully excused, or is given some moral responsibility, would have to be looked at on an individual basis. The second mitigating factor is the duress o...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

How to Use the Spanish Verb Llamar

How to Use the Spanish Verb Llamar Llamar is a verb that you will use very early as you learn Spanish, because the verb is commonly used when asking someone his or her name, or when telling others your own name. However, llamar also is used in other ways and can be found in a variety of contexts, such as to refer to the making of a telephone call. Using Llamar With Names The literal translation of llamar is to call. Thus, when you are using llamar to ask someones name, you are literally asking what the person calls himself or herself. Knowing this will help you use the verb in other contexts. See how llamar is used in the context of specifying names:  ¿Cà ³mo se llama? (What is your/his/her name? Literally, how do you call yourself? How does he/she call himself/herself?) ¿Cà ³mo te llamas? (What is your name? Literally, how do you call yourself?)Me llamo ___. (My name is ___. Literally, I call myself ___.)La empresa se llama Recursos Humanos. (The business is named Recursos Humanos.) If youre a beginning Spanish student, you may not have learned yet about the use of reflexive verbs, those that use the -self pronouns in English. An explanation of reflexive verbs is beyond the scope of this lesson, but here it is most important to know that when youre using llamar to refer to what someone is named, you are using the reflexive form of the verb, llamarse, and you must use the reflexive pronoun (se, te or me in the sample sentences) with it. Using Llamar for Calling In other contexts, llamar most often means simply to call as in these examples: Él me llamà ³ pero no me dijo nada. (He called me, but he didnt tell me anything.)No voy a llamarlo. (I am not going to call him.)Tu madre te llama. (Your mother is calling you.) There is an ambiguity in the above sentences in both languages: While all these examples might be using to call in the sense of to telephone (telefonear), they arent necessarily doing so. You can make the distinction only from the context. Llamar also can mean to call in other situations as well: Los ministros de finanzas quieren llamar la atencià ³n sobre la biodiversidad. (The finance ministers want to call attention to biodiversity.)Me llamà ³ idiota. (He called me an idiot.)Al poco rato llamà ³ con los nudillos a la puerta. (A little bit later he knocked on the door. Literally, a little bit later, he called with his knuckles at the door.) As the third example above suggests, there may be times where you would translate llamar as to knock when the context so demands. For example, a simple sentence such as llama Marà ­a might be translated as thats Maria knocking if uttered when a knock is heard at the door, or thats Maria ringing if uttered when the telephone rings. Or a sentence such as estn llamando (literally, theyre calling) might mean someone is ringing the doorbell or someone is calling on the phone. As always in matters of translation, context is key in determining what something means. Using Llamar Figuratively In some contexts, llamar can be used as meaning call in a broad or figurative sense, giving it the meaning of to be appealing or something similar. Like call, it can be used to indicate that something is drawing someone to it. La tecnologà ­a nueva llama la atencià ³n de cientos de millones de personas. (The new technology is drawing the attention of hundreds of millions of people.)La mà ºsica rock no me llama. (Rock music doesnt appeal to me.)A mi personalmente los videojuegos no me llaman, pero reconozco la importancia que estn teniendo hoy dà ­a. (I personally dont care for videogames, but I recognize the importance they are having these days.) Words Related to Llamar Among the words related to llamar are: Llamada often refers to a telephone call, although it can refer to various kinds of signals or gestures used to call attention. La llamada era del presidente. (The call was from the president.) Some speakers also use llamado this way.As a noun, llamado can refer to a spiritual calling: Pedro recibià ³ un llamado al ministerio. (Pedro received a call to the ministry.)A doorbell, door buzzer, or doorknocker is often called a llamador. The word can also be used for a visitor, i.e., someone who comes calling.A call for action can be called a llamamiento. La Marcha por la Paz ha querido hacer este aà ±o un llamamiento para cuidar el planeta. (The March for Peace has wanted to make this year a call for care of the planet.)Something that calls attention to itself can be considered llamativo as explained in this lesson on translation. Surprisingly, llama as a noun isnt related to llamar. In fact, there are two unrelated nouns of the form llama: The name of the South American pack animal known as a llama comes from the Quechua language.Llama can also refer to a flame, and, like the English word, it is related to the Latin flamma. Spanish also uses the word flama. Key Takeaways Llamar has a general meaning very similar to that of to call and thus can usually be used to translate the English verb.The reflexive form, llamarse, is very commonly used in giving the name of someone or something.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Workplace Monitoring Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Workplace Monitoring - Assignment Example However, I find this notion to be overly apologist. The fact that employers are legally allowed to infringe on the private space of their workers is a reflection of a lack of trust that typifies modern society. Also, who monitors those who do the monitoring? It is hard to imagine that the workplace behavior and activities of senior management are monitored to the degree that their subordinates’ are. In the wider scheme of things, I would argue that unless a company‘s area of operations involves processes that are highly sensitive, then it is better to cultivate trust among employees and between employees and management. In this context, I base my premise on the labeling theory championed by Howard Becker. According to Becker, labels and stereotypes are instrumental in creating deviance where none should exist (Repa & Guerin 14). In this paper, workplace monitoring can be viewed as a typecast that generalizes all employees as untrustworthy. Ultimately, some employees will internalize this â€Å"label† and fight it by doing that which monitoring is supposed to negate. Finally, although the methods of workplace monitoring (e.g., video surveillance, background checks, email access and internet logs, phone tapping and phone log recording, etc.) can be used with positive intentions, their requirements are normally flaunted by employers. Workplace monitoring, if used, shou ld be limited to improving employee productivity. However, if designed strictly to keep employees on a tight leash then it defeats its rationale.

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Childhood Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Childhood Obesity - Essay Example There others that should be seen soon from the IOM and the National Assembly on School Based Heath Care. These two are expected to come out with policy that will reinstate the physical education program which was mandatory by the government for kindergarten through 12th grade.   Most public health policy is beginning to be seen through initiations from the states at this time. Some organizations that are working very hard on the issue now are the National Governors Association, the National Conference of State Legislatures, and the National Academy for State Health Policy(Katz, O'Connell, Yeh et.al., 2009).  There are also policies that have been in place that now are being scrutinized due to the belief by public health that these policies may be causing an increase in childhood obesity. One of those policies is the decades old "cheap food" policy which was instituted to provide cheap food for those that are low incomes. However, this US Agriculture policy promotes the overproduc tion of farm commodities like corn and soybeans. These "cheap commodities have been converted into calorie-rich but nutrient poor snacks, sweets and sweetened beverages that have lead to an excess of daily calories for Americans, children and adults". (Lilliston, 2010). One of the things that is of note here is to remember that farm policy is also public health policy. These are the beginnings of the relief needed toward good public health policy related to nutrition and excercise as well as childbood obesity.

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Essay question about The big switch Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Question about The big switch - Essay Example Even not being a professional, Geoff could develop a programmable world wide computing. It is in this very chapter, that forms the beginning of the second part of the book, Carr encapsulated the concept of cloud computing. The prime feature of cloud computing is that it does not require the typical mainframe computer to store all the data in one single computer. Rather, one can easily share it within the network through host servers. As it has been discussed by Nicholas Carr, cloud computing is generally used as third party product and as the businesses can have professional expertise for all the matters like hosting, servers and domains and also as they can store all of their information over such networks, it definitely helps them in focusing upon their core competencies. The business organizations can forego the huge capital investments for setting up and maintaining own networks. The demerit is that the business firms have to depend upon the external institutions and it might lea d to matters like information theft or failure of the servers. But still there is almost no doubt that the cloud computing has enabled the business organizations to have much better information technology architecture. ‘The Big Switch’ by Nicholas Carr has definitely won the test of time as it proposes and proves one after the other burning issues faced by the business organizations of present day with respect to information technology. In the chapter seven of the book, Carr considers one of the most debated topics of the period i.e. the reduction of employment because of extensive usage of information technology. It is a fact that the computers can do the work of quite a few employees and that too much efficiently. Therefore, Hellmut Schutte rightly thinks that the machines are definitely replacing human workforce. Though the entire matter is unfortunate as old time employees are losing their jobs but the fact is that the multi national corporations of

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The Other Side Of The River, By Alex Kotlowitz

The Other Side Of The River, By Alex Kotlowitz The book, The Other Side of the River, by Alex Kotlowitz, investigates the relationship between two Michigan cities, as well as the death of Eric McGinnis. The two towns, St. Joseph and Benton Harbor, are called the twin cities, though they are anything but. For one, St. Joseph is predominantly white, while the majority of the population in Benton Harbor is African American. Throughout the novel Kotlowitz questions how people are affected by their environment. When interviewed about his book he said, your perspectiveall depends on which side of the river you live on. This statement is undoubtedly the backdrop for Kotlowitzs book. Erics death is just one of the many ways in which disagreement between the two cities took place. Another death that sparked a commotion between the two cities, and possibly more important, between the two races, was the death of Norris Maben. January 18, 1990, a year before Erics death was when Norris Maben was killed. Maben was shot by Marv Fiedler, a white cop. Fiedler thought Maben was the suspect he had been looking for and when it appeared that Maben was about to pull out a gun, Fiedler shot him. There was a logical explanation behind the shooting, but to the public this was just an unjust act of violence. To make matters worse, Maben was unarmed. The citizens of Benton Harbor saw this as a racial attack. Right before Fiedlers trial was when Erics dead body was found floating in the St. Joseph river. Immediately the residents of Benton Harbor thought he was murdered by a white citizen of St. Joseph. On the other hand, the citizens of St. Joseph thought it was possibly a suicide, or they didnt really care. One St. Joseph resident commented , That nigger came on the wrong side of the bridge. He Should have stayed on his side of the river. Erics untimely death stirred up stagnant feelings of the Maben shooting, as well as forming new a feud between the two cities. Residents of both St. Joseph and Benton Harbor grew up learning that the people on the other side of the river are corrupt. Chris Adams, the owner of a popular teen hangout, told Kotlowitz during an interview, You grow up around here learning that bad things happen in Benton Harbor. You grow up afraid to go across the river. This fear of venturing to the other side of the river was true for adults as well as teens. The author, Alex Kotlowitz, recounts how black teens asked cops for rides back to Benton Harbor because they were so afraid of being left alone in St. Joseph, but more importantly, they were afraid of the whites. Situations such as these bring into question whether this fear of the opposite race is a learned behavior as suggested by Chris Adams, or if prejudice is a behavior you are born with. This idea of behaviors being learned, or being born with the behaviors, is referred to Nature vs. Nurture. Nature refers to ones instinct and the concept that a persons behaviors can be traced back to their genetic makeup. On the contrary, nurture refers to the theory that people act a certain way because they learned so from their parents or peers. Growing knowledge of the human genome is helping scientists form theories in which both sides are partly right, but as of now the subject is still in debate amongst sociologists. In my opinion, I feel that a persons behaviors are learned by observing their parents or their peers. The characters from The Other Side of the River grew up learning that the other race is inferior and the other town across the river is corrupt. There are a few people, who are white, and live on the Benton Harbor side of the river. These people often interact with both races. It is people like this who learned growing up that neither race is superior. Furthermore, there are also a few characters, such as Ruth McGinnis, who are sociable and cordial with whites, and many other inhabitants of St. Joseph. As I began to read this book I expected a story about the death of Eric McGinnis, but as I read more and more I realized that this book was about much more. It told the underlying story of the two Michigan towns, St. Joseph and Benton Harbor. It also told of various other controversies that helped me, as the reader, to identify why the townspeople felt the way they did about Erics death. This book also left me feeling unsettled. Living in a country that takes such pride in its diversity, it makes me wonder how two towns such as Benton Harbor and St. Joseph can exist. There are hundreds of towns just like these two, and if people will cease to be ignorant than they will be able to see each other for who they are, and no longer define each other according to their race.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Origin of Judaism :: essays research papers fc

The origins of Judaism are written in the book of Genesis, the first book of the Pentateuch. Genesis is divided into several major parts. The creation of the world (first part) and the story of Abraham (second part) are respectively the parts that are dedicated mostly to the origins of Judaism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  God created heaven and Earth. Then he created man. Man disobeyed God, building a partition between them, and went on his own. God promised redemption on man for being tempted and corrupted by Satan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later, God chose Abraham as the father of a long line of people that he would deal with throughout time in order to keep his promise of redemption, and to define a certain people as his. Abraham had two sons: Ishmael and Isaac. God chose Isaac to receive the birthright promises. As a result, the line of God’s people came through Isaac. After what happened the first time with man’s betrayal, God put Abraham and Isaac to a test. God ordered Abraham to sacrifice Isaac to him. Abraham was confused and hurt by this command, but both he and Isaac agreed. As he was about to kill his son, God stopped him. God informed Abraham that this was a test to see how loyal he was to him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Generations later God made a pact with the chosen people. They agreed to live a life of strict obedience to the law that he gave them, and in return, they would have the promised messiah come as one of them, who would deliver them from evil to God. He provided them prophets to make his presence and desires known to them and to predict future events so they would know what to expect from God in future times, and how to recognize the Messiah when he arrived.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Leadership Challenge: Using Sources of Power Ethically

Leadership Challenge: Using Sources of Power Ethically The misuse of power is constantly revealed in the business environment by the actions and characteristics of executives, leaders, supervisors, and managers. In reiterating the definition of power is having the know-how, to influence others to do something that they wouldn’t normally do (Lussier, 2008). The tactics that leadership uses are categorized into nine influential tactics: ? Rational Persuasion ?Inspirational appeal ?Consultation ?Ingratiation ?Exchange ?Personal Appeal ?Coalition ?Legitimating ?Pressure Most of which are likely used by leadership (Katzenstein, n. d. ). List and explain the sources of power that the CEO of a large company typically has at her disposal. The source of power in business a CEO has is Expert, Referent, and Legitimate Power. C. E. O. is defined as Chief Executive Officer; the CEO is known to have the great power of delegation (Ellis-Christensen, 2012). There are many definitions of expert power and one definition is â€Å"Expert Power is stated as resting on the belief of employees that an individual has a particularly high level of knowledge or highly specialized skill set. Managers may be accorded authority based on the perception of their greater knowledge of the tasks at hand than their employees† (Turner, 2012). Referent Power is the use of personal power (ones’ attractiveness, respect, loyalty, and worthiness) to influence others to do your request. Referent power is like a role-model type of power, it uses your adoration from others toward influencing them to do something (Thomas, 2002). Legitimate Power is used from a person position and/or title. Legitimate power in is used to demand the others, regardless of their commitment or cooperation. This type of power tends to place distrust in the leaders capabilities in operating a business. Therefore, it is actually the title/position of a person rather than the person itself that carries this power. Describe how these powers can be used to avoid the various operational, administrative, and ethical problems experienced by companies. Business Problem 1 The business problem that may occur is a machine is down due to electrical issues and no backup machine or alternative available. Influence tactic The influence tactic used in this business problem will be consultation and inspiration appeal. The consultation was chosen to meet with the managers to see what can be done to improve on these problems and if it is feasible to obtain. In choosing the inspiration appeal is to encourage the employees not to get discouraged and thank them for doing a great job. Source of Power The source of power used in this situation for consultation is Reward, coercive or legitimate. The power used for Inspiration appeal is Referent power. Why this influence tactic addresses the problem I thought these influence tactic was best suited for the situation in handling this business problem. When such problems occur on the job, it sometimes tends to discourage the workers from getting their job done or begin to doubt the company obligation to that specific area leaving them wondering if it was intentional or not. Business Problem 2 The business problem that is experience too often in this problem is issues with checks and missing work time. Although payroll handles the issuance of checks, it still falls under administrative problems. Influence tactic The influence tactics used in this business problem are Legitimating, Rational persuasion, and Pressure. Source of Power The source of power for legitimating is legitimate power. The source of power for rational persuasion is expert power and the source of power for Pressure is Coercive power. Why this influence tactic addresses the problem I chose these for a number of reasons, one is legitimating can swing both ways. The employer will need a legitimate reason as why they should give you the correct amount of hours that the employees claim they are missing. In a sense the employee can request a statement showing the calculation of their hours. The employee can use pressure in pursuit of getting this problem corrected. Business Problem 3 The business problem that sometimes occurs is unethical business practices. Unethical business practices like dumping good at loss making prices just to earn market shares or to oust a new competitor from business, colluding with competitors to fix higher prices, using high pressure selling tactics, using deceptive advertising, etc. re also some things that need to be looked at (Patil, 2012). Influence tactic The influence tactics used in this business problem are rational persuasion, coalition, and legitimating. Source of Power The source of power for rational persuasion is expert power, the source of power for coalition is coercive power, and the source of power for legitimating is legitimate power. Why this influence tactic addresses the problem I thought that these tactics were definitely used in coe rcing influences on others, especially to benefit that particular person. Unethical business practices happen all over the world, most often never get address in order to prevent it from happening again and again. Unethical practices are used by businesses legitimating why they must have or need; even use coercive power to intense or sway the answer in their favor. Rational persuasion is basically similar to coercive power, the general idea is to lure the favor toward the persuader way. References Ellis-Christensen, T. (2012). What is a CEO? Retrieved on January 22, 2012 from http://www. wisegeek. om/what-is-a-ceo. htm Katzenstein, J. (). Influence Tactics. Retrieved on January 22, 2012, from som. csudh. edu/depts/adjunct/jkatzenstein/†¦ /Influence%20Tactics. ppt Lussier, R. N. (2008). Ethical Power and Politics. Retrieved on January 22, 2012, from highered. mcgraw-hill. com/sites/dl/free/0073210552/†¦ /chap010. ppt Patil, S. B. (2012). Ethical Issues in Business. Buzz. com. Retrieved on January 22, 2012 from http://www. buzzle. com/articles/ethi cal-issues-in-business. html Singh, A. (2009). Organizational Power in Perspective. Leadership & Management in Engineering, 9(4), 165-176. doi:10. 1061/(ASCE)LM. 1943-5630. 0000018 Thomas, J. C. (2002). Leadership Effectiveness of Referent Power as a Distinction of Personal Power. Retrieved on January 22, 2012 from http://www. jctnet. us/Professional/MOL/LEAD605/ThomasJMicroBP$2. pdf Turner, M. C. (2012). Leadership Styles and Bases of Power. Reference for Business Encyclopedia of Business, 2nd Ed. Retrieved on January 22, 2012 from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/management/Int-Loc/Leadership-Styles-and-Bases-of-Power. html

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Pulse Width Modulation Final Year Project

Chapter 1 Introduction 1. 0 Background Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a type of devices that can be used as a DC motor speed controller or light dimmer. PWM is used extensively for speed controller where power-saving application is needed. This device has been used as a motor speed control for small DC fans, for example in computer power supplies. A PWM circuits works by creating a square wave with a variable on-to-off ratio, the average on time may be varied from 0 to 100 duty cycle.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of ‘on' time to the regular interval or ‘period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on. From this, a variable amount of power is transferred to the load. The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When the switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on, there is almost no vol tage drop across the switch.Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle. Additional advantage of PWM is that the pulses reach the full supply voltage and will produce more torque in a motor by being able to overcome the internal motor resistance easily. 1. 1 Objectives The objectives of this project are: 1.To develop the actual circuit of the PWM. 2. To simulate the PWM circuit in simulation software. 3. To use the PWM in order to control the speed of the DC motor. 1. 2 Methodology Start Title consideration, ideas Supervisor approval Components specifications and data sheets Proposal Drafting Proposal Evaluation Project Simulation Project Presentation Progress Report Submission END Figure 1. 2. 1 Flowchart of Methodology 1. 3 Gantt Chart 1. 3. 1 Final Year Project 1 | WEEKS|ACTIVITY| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 1 2| 13| 14| 1| Student-supervisor-panel allocation, briefing about FYP, introductions|   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 2| Student-supervisor meeting arrange time, finding ideas discuss ideas, project titles|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 3| Student-supervisor regular meeting|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 4| Proposal preparation|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 5| Proposal evaluation, meet supervisor for evaluation, things to be improved|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 6| Proposal correction correct any mistakes|   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 7| Project Development choose circuit, check availability simulation|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 8| Proposal and progress presentation|   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 9| Progress report writing is based on progress|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 10| Progress report submission submit report|   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 1. 3. 2 Final Year Project 2 Week| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 12| 13| 14| Tasks| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Buy Components |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | | | Construct circuiton breadboard | | |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | | Troubleshoot| | |   |   |   | |   |   | | | | | | | PCB Layout Design| | | | | |   | | |   | | | | | | PCB Layout Print| | | | | | | | | |   |   | | | | Soldering| | | | | |   |   |   | | | | | | | Final Report| | | | | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | Final Presentation| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1. 3. 2. 1 Aims for Final Year Project 2 1. Prepare the actual circuit diagram 2. Building and programming the PCB circuit diagram 3.Drilling the PCB and soldering the components 4. Testing the PWM circuit 5. Troubleshoot 1. 3. 2. 2 Project planning for Final Year Project 2 For the final year project 2, we have to prepare the actual circuit based on our simulation result. We will create the PCB artwork with PCB programming such as ExpressPCB, which is available for free and is surprisingly functional. Next, we have to print out the PCB artwork on a transparency. Then we cut out the printed portion of the artwork. This will define the size and shape of the PCB.To make PCBs, we can use the UV exposure method, which is only slightly more difficult than and significantly more precise than the toner transfer method. To start out, we must cut the PCB to be the same size as the outline of the PCB positive. First, we drew a rectangle the same dimensions of the PCB on the protective layer of UV Reactiv e copper covered ibreglass board, and then cut it out using a Dremel tool equipped with a diamond wheel. We have to make sure that once we have removed the board from its protective package it will not be exposed to any UV.Fluorescent and halogen lights both output enough UV light that they will expose the board through the protective layer of plastic. Next, after we cut the UV sensitive PCB to size, we are ready to expose the board. Then we remove the protective layer to size, from the PCB right before we place the positive on it, or else dust particles will attach to the board, which will mark the final PCB. To expose the PCB, first remove the protective layer, place the positive transparency on top of the board, and place it in the UV exposure box. An exposure time of 10-11 minutes is recommended.Now we need to drill holes in the PCB for the through-hole components. Finally, we have to solder all the components through-hole components. If the final result is not achieved when tes ting the final circuit, we have to run troubleshooting and find out the problem. Then, we solved the problem based on the troubleshooting after we identify the real problem. Chapter 2 Circuit Design and Operation 2. 1 Schematic diagram Figure 2. 1. 1 Schematic Diagram of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) To Control DC Motor Speed. 2. 2 Circuit operation 2. 2. 1 Flow Chart and Description Input Signal DC wave) ? IC NE556 Output Signal (Square wave) LM311 Comparator Potentiometer ? IC NE556 Output Signal (Modulated Square wave) IRF 521 DC Motor Figure 2. 2. 1. 1 Circuit Operation Flowchart The input signal is fed into first half of IC NE556. The IC NE556 will generate square wave. The wave will then go to the second half of IC NE556 and been modulated. Potentiometer will control the second half IC to produce the desired output. A modulated square will be generated from the second IC. This wave of current will be amplified by IRF521 and then went to the motor and spin it.The DC motor speed will depends on the magnitude of the current. Chapter 3 Project Progress 3. 0 The Project Progress and the Project Outcomes The first stage of the progress is building the circuit for the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) circuit. Then, the best circuit diagram is chosen for our project. A preliminary literature review about our circuit had also been done. In this project, two of the LM556, Dual 556 Timer TTL IC were used to simulate the PWM circuit. The first IC allowed the possibility to generate square wave while the second IC allow modulation variation.Other than that, several problems were encountered when simulating some part of the circuit. This is due to incomplete library component of the simulation software such as the lack of LM556 IC in the first place. This was because the wrong type of licence of the software was selected. After a few trials and some changes of the circuit diagram for simulation, and with the right licence for the software, the PWM circuit was successfully simulated. Figure 1. 1 Expected DC square wave (output) Results Input Signal of 1st half of IC NE556 Output Signal of 2nd half of IC NE556Calculation from theory: Thigh= 0. 7(RA+RC)C Thigh= 0. 7(1M+1K) (0. 05 µ) = 0. 035s/35ms Tlow= 0. 7 RB C Tlow= 0. 7 (1K) (0. 05 µ) = 3. 5Ãâ€"10-5s/ 0. 035 ms Values from simulation: Thigh= 38ms Tlow= 42  µs/ 0. 042 m Input Signal of 2nd half of IC NE556 Output Signal of 2nd half IC NE556 (A=0%, B=0%) (A=0%, B=10%) (A=0%, B=50%) (A=0% B=100%) Calculation from theory: Thigh= 1. 1 RA C Rated Current From Simulation (A=0%, B=0%)I=45. 842mA(A=0%, B=10%)I=132. 953mA (A=0%, B=50%)I=406. 541mA(A=0% B=100%)I=4. 121A Table of Motor Speed Slow| Speed| Fast| 0%| Value of Potentiometer B| 100%| 0. 2077ms| T high (ON time)| 7. l79ms| 132. 95mA| Rated Current| 4. 121A| 12V| Rated Voltage (Constant)| 12V| Since voltage is constant, the higher the current supplied, the faster the motor would spin. Chapter 4 4. 0 The Problems Encountered CASE 1 – FIND ING SUITABLE SIMULATION SOFTWARE The PWM circuit uses two of LM556 IC. The first LM556 will convert DC input signal into square wave. Before doing the hardware of the project, the software need to be simulated first to check whether the circuit diagram is correct or need some adjustment.Because of this, finding the suitable simulation software had become a problem encounter to finish the project. List below show example name of other simulation software that can be used to run any the software simulation for the project; 1. TINA 2. OrCAD Capture 3. PROTEUS All of the other simulation software above can be use to run the simulation for this project but some of them were not suitable. As an example the TINA software were not used because of the unfamiliarity and the complexity of the software.The project also cannot be simulated using the OrCAD Capture since there were a large number of library which does not have simulation installed. This make it unsuitable since this project requir ed to be simulated. Meanwhile PROTEUS software was not used because of the difficult interface that complicate the user or in other words not user-friendly. CASE 2 – WRONG LICENCE OF SIMULATION SOFTWARE After MULTISIM had been installed, a situation was encountered where the library components are not complete or some of the components are not available.If this problem prolonged, the circuit cannot be designed in the software. Some measures had been taken to find the solution but the problems still persist. There are some types of licence that accompanied for MULTISIM, which are: 1Power PRO Edition 2Full Edition 3Student Edition 4Education PKG Edition 5Base Edition At first, the Full Edition licence was installed. When the circuit was being designed, a lot of components were unavailable. Every aspect of the software was checked, but no problem related to the software was detected. The MULTISIM software was cleanly installed in the computer. . 1 Solutions for Every Problem CAS E 1 SOLUTION – USE MULTISIM SOFTWARE The simulation can be done by using simulation programmed like TINA, Proteus, or OrCAD Capture. Unfortunately, all of these simulation programmed mentioned above have problems as explained before. Without a proper simulation, it is hard to detect any problems that exist in the design of the circuit. Finally, MULTISIM is chosen as the simulation program. MULTISIM was suitable for simulation of the Pulse Width Modulation circuit. MULTISIM has all the required components in its component library.Hence, all the components can be place in the circuit to complete it. Simulation can be done easily by using MULTISIM. All the results being cleared by using this programmed. Expected results are the PWM wave which will control the motor. CASE 2 SOLUTION – WRONG LICENCE OF SIMULATION SOFTWARE This problem was easily encountered by reinstalling licence of the right type. In this case, PowerPro Edition licence type was required. After it has been reinstalled, all the components are unlocked. Hence, the process of designing the circuit in the simulation software continued, and simulation process succeed.Chapter 5 Conclusion For this semester, the project progress was successful until the simulation. Hence, the simulation needs to be done correctly according to the circuit so that expected result can be obtained. The circuit diagram for PWM to Control DC Motor Speed has been successfully designed. Thus, the first objective has been achieved. The progress of the project works efficiently if the project followed accordingly to the Gantt chart made at the beginning of the project. The Gantt chart contains all the important steps that need to be followed in rder to finish the project successfully. All the steps in the Gantt chart been mentioned with respective date. Hence, there should be no problem during Final Year Project 1 when all works were being done according directly to the Gantt chart. The simulation for PWM to Control DC Motor Speed had been done by using simulation program, MULTISIM. MULTISIM provides all the necessary components to complete the simulation for the PWM circuit. Since the output should be a DC motor or a DC fan, it was replaced with Oscilloscope or Multimeter to observe the changes that occur in the simulation.This shows that choosing MULTISIM is the smart choice to run the simulation because of the advantages and the ease of use that this simulation program has. REFERENCES 1. Motor Speed Controller, retrieved from http://homepages. which. net/~paul. hills/SpeedControl/SpeedControllersBody. html 2. 4QD-TEC: Electronics Circuits Reference Archive : PWM speed control, retrieved from http://www. 4qdtec. com/pwm-01. html 3. PWM Motor Speed Controller / DC Light Dimmer, retrieved from http://www. solorb. com/elect/solarcirc/pwm1/ 4. PWM DC Motor Controller, retrieved from http://picprojects. org. uk/projects/ppc/index. htm